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. 2026 Aug 3;16(15):2376. doi: 10.3390/ani16152376
YSE Yucca schidigera extract
UAE Ultrasound-assisted extraction
DES Deep eutectic solvents
NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance
LC-MS Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
Nrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
ARE Antioxidant response element
SOD Superoxide dismutase
GSH-Px Glutathione peroxidase
CAT Catalase
COX-1 Cyclooxygenase-1
COX-2 Cyclooxygenase-2
PGE2 Prostaglandin E2
NF-κB Nuclear factor-kappa B
MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α
IL-6 Interleukin-6
Keap1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
HO-1 Heme oxygenase-1
ROS Reactive oxygen species
ERK1/2 Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2
JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase
JAK2 Janus kinase 2
STAT3 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
O-GlcNAc O-linked N-acetylglucosamine
mRNA Messenger ribonucleic acid
T-AOC Total antioxidant capacity
MDA Malondialdehyde
SCFAs Short-chain fatty acids
4-HPAA 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
V/C Villus height-to-crypt depth ratio
ADG Average daily gain
ADFI Average daily feed intake
FCR Feed conversion ratio
G:F Gain-to-feed ratio
FI Feed intake
OPG Oocyst per gram
DMI Dry matter intake
VFA Volatile fatty acid
NH3-N Ammonia nitrogen
TVFA Total volatile fatty acid
DM Dry matter
CP Crude protein
NDF Neutral detergent fiber
OM Organic matter
TMR Total mixed ration
DIM Days in milk
LCA Life-cycle assessment
GRAS Generally recognized as safe
FDA Food and Drug Administration
EFSA European Food Safety Authority
EC European Community
TAN Total ammonia nitrogen
2D-NMR Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance
HPLC-ELSD High-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection
UV Ultraviolet
YPB Yucca schidigera polysaccharide B
Rha Rhamnose
Araf Arabinofuranose
Galp Galactopyranose
Glcp Glucopyranose
MR Mannose receptor
EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
Hsp70 Heat shock protein 70
UPR Unfolded protein response
TBARS Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
BRD Bovine respiratory disease
AZn Amino-zinc
CNKI China National Knowledge Infrastructure
MUC-2 Mucin-2
ZO-1 Zonula occludens-1
IgA Immunoglobulin A
IgM Immunoglobulin M
IgG Immunoglobulin G
IgY Immunoglobulin Y
IFN-γ Interferon-γ
IL-1β Interleukin-1β
IL-2 Interleukin-2
IL-8 Interleukin-8
IL-10 Interleukin-10
PI3K Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
AKT Protein kinase B
MAP Mitogen-activated protein
CAMK2G Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma
MKNK1 MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine kinase 1
16S rRNA 16S ribosomal RNA
BWG Body weight gain
F/G Feed-to-gain ratio
EE Ether extract
TAC Total antioxidant capacity