Table 3.

Major renal outcome trials of SGLT2 inhibitors

Trial (Year)	Population	Drug	Primary outcome	Key findings
CREDENCE (2019)	DM2 + CKD	Canagliflozin	ESRD, doubling of creatinine, renal death	30% reduction in renal composite outcome; trial stopped early for benefit
DAPA-CKD (2020)	CKD ± diabetes	Dapagliflozin	Sustained eGFR decline, ESRD, renal/CV death	39% reduction in renal composite; benefit demonstrated in non-diabetics
EMPA-KIDNEY (2022)	CKD ± diabetes	Empagliflozin	Kidney disease progression or CV death	28% reduction in renal composite outcomes; broad CKD population included