| 5-ASA | Mesalazine |
| AA | Acetic acid |
| AMPK | Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase |
| DAI | Disease activity index |
| DNMT1 | DNA methyltransferase 1 |
| H&E | Hematoxylin and eosin |
| HO-1 | Heme oxygenase-1 |
| IBD | Inflammatory bowel disease |
| IL-6 | Interleukin-6 |
| NCTD | Norcantharidin |
| Nrf2 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
| qRT-PCR | Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction |
| SIRT1 | Sirtuin-1 |
| SOCS3 | Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| UC | Ulcerative colitis |