ABCA1	ATP-binding cassette transporter A1
ABCG1	ATP-binding cassette transporter G1
ALP	alkaline phosphatase
apo(a)	apolipoprotein(a)
apoB	apolipoprotein B
apoB100	apolipoprotein B100
APOE	apolipoprotein E
ASCVD	atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
ATX	autotaxin
BMP2	bone morphogenetic protein 2
BSCL2	BSCL2 lipid droplet biogenesis associated protein
CAC	coronary artery calcium
CAVD	calcified aortic valve disease
CCL2	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2
CMR	cardiac magnetic resonance
CX3CL1	C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1
ECM	extracellular matrix
EndMT	endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition
eNOS	endothelial nitric oxide synthase
EVs	extracellular vesicles
FDG	fluorodeoxyglucose
FOXS1	forkhead box S1
IL-1β	interleukin-1 beta
IL-6	interleukin-6
IL-6R	interleukin-6 receptor
IL-8	interleukin-8
JAK	Janus kinase
KIV	kringle IV
KIV-2	kringle IV type 2
LDL	low-density lipoprotein
LDL-R	LDL receptor
LGE	late gadolinium enhancement
LPAR1	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1
LPAR3	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3
LPC	lysophosphatidylcholine
Lp(a)	lipoprotein(a)
LXRα	liver X receptor alpha
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCP-1	monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MESA	Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa B
Nox2	NADPH oxidase 2
Nox4	NADPH oxidase 4
ox-LDL	oxidized low-density lipoprotein
OxPL	oxidized phospholipids
PET/CT	positron emission tomography/computed tomography
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PPARγ	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RUNX2	runt-related transcription factor 2
RhoA	Ras homolog family member A
ROCK	Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase
SR-A	scavenger receptor class A
SR-BI	scavenger receptor class B type I
STAT3	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
TGF-β1	transforming growth factor beta 1
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor alpha
VECs	valvular endothelial cells
VICs	valvular interstitial cells