| CP4 | YPWTQ |
| DPP-IV | dipeptidyl peptidase-IV |
| T2DM | type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| IR | Insulin Resistance |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| MDA | Malondialdehyde |
| TG | Triglyceride |
| DAPI | 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole |
| BCA | bicinchoninic acid |
| GO | Gene Ontology |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |
| GLP-1 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| GlcN | Glucosamine |
| DN | diabetic nephropathy |
| PGJ2 | prostaglandin J2 |
| GLA | γ-linolenic acid |
| LA | linoleic acid |
| DiHOME | 12,13-dihydroxyoleic acid |