| PDV | plant-derived vesicles |
| ISEV | International Society for Extracellular Vesicles |
| ELN | exosome-like nanoparticle |
| UC | ultracentrifugation |
| DUC | differential ultracentrifugation |
| DGC | density gradient centrifugation |
| SEC | size-exclusion chromatography |
| UF | ultrafiltration |
| DLS | dynamic Light Scattering |
| NTA | nanoparticle tracking analysis |
| TEM | transmission electron microscopy |
| AFM | atomic force microscopy |
| PEG | polyethylene glycol |
| Cryo-EM | cryo-electron microscopy |
| SDS-PAGE | sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
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