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. 2026 Aug 4;18(15):2523. doi: 10.3390/nu18152523
RAC Recovery–adaptation coupling
DOMS Delayed-onset muscle soreness
EIMD Exercise-induced muscle damage
CK Creatine kinase
CRP C-reactive protein
ROS Reactive oxygen species
RNS Reactive nitrogen species
MPS Muscle protein synthesis
MPB Muscle protein breakdown
EAA Essential amino acids
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
mTOR Mechanistic target of rapamycin
PGC-1alpha Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
NAD+ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
RED-S Relative energy deficiency in sport
HRV Heart-rate variability
CMJ Countermovement jump
RPE Rating of perceived exertion
EP Established practice
CDE Context-dependent evidence
MR Mechanistic rationale
RH Recovery–adaptation coupling hypothesis