Table 2:
Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of High Waist Circumference and High Waist-to-Hip Ratio within Body Mass Index Categories.
| Normal Weight | Overweight | Obesity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High WC | High WHR | High WC | High WHR | High WC | High WHR | |
| 1.9% (1%, 2.9%) | 10.5% (8.1%, 12.9%) | 11.4% (9.2%, 13.6%) | 22.2% (19%, 25.2%) | 34% (25.5%, 41.6%) | 19.7% (15.7%, 23.5%) | |
| Stroke | 2.4% (1.6%, 3.3%) | 9.2% (7.1%, 11.2%) | 9.9% (7.7%, 12.1%) | 18.2% (15.7%, 20.6%) | 31.7% (23.6%, 38.9%) | 22.8% (19.8%, 25.6%) |
| HF | 1.8% (0.4%, 3.2%) | 9.7% (5.7%, 13.4%) | 15.3% (12.7%, 17.9%) | 23.7% (18.7%, 28.3%) | 48.9% (41.2%, 55.6%) | 27% (22.2%, 31.4%) |
| AF | 1.7% (−0.3%, 3.6%) | 6.4% (0.6%, 11.8%) | 12.7% (8.9%, 16.4%) | 5.4% (−4.7%, 14.5%) | 46.2% (30.1%, 58.6%) | 20.8% (9.4%, 30.7%) |
| CHD | 2% (1.3%, 2.6%) | 9.1% (7.6%, 10.6%) | 10.6% (8.9%, 12.2%) | 17.2% (15.1%, 19.2%) | 35.4% (29.4%, 40.9%) | 17.9% (15.3%, 20.5%) |
| CVD | 1.7% (1.2%, 2.1%) | 7% (5.9%, 8.1%) | 10.1% (8.9%, 11.4%) | 14.4% (12.8%, 15.9%) | 32.5% (28%, 36.7%) | 15.6% (13.7%, 17.5%) |
| CHD Mortality | 2.1% (1.4%, 2.8%) | 8.9% (7.2%, 10.6%) | 11.2% (9%, 13.3%) | 15.4% (12.8%, 17.9%) | 36.3% (28.5%, 43.3%) | 18.4% (15.1%, 21.5%) |
| CVD Mortality | 1.8% (1.3%, 2.3%) | 6.4% (5.2%, 7.6%) | 11% (9.4%, 12.5%) | 12% (10.1%, 13.8%) | 36.6% (31.1%, 41.6%) | 13.8% (11.4%, 16.2%) |
| All-Cause Mortality | 1.2% (1%, 1.5%) | 4.8% (4.2%, 5.3%) | 9.7% (8.9%, 10.4%) | 9.6% (8.7%, 10.5%) | 28.8% (25.8%, 31.7%) | 12.8% (11.5%, 13.9%) |
Population attributable fractions were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, smoking status, and alcohol use, with a shared frailty term for cohort and site.
BMI categories were defined as the following: Normal weight: BMI 18.5 to <25.0 kg/m2, Overweight: BMI 25.0 to <30.0 kg/m2, Obesity: BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2.
High WC is defined as > 88cm for females, >102 cm for males and high WHR as > 0.85 for females, >0.90 for males.
BMI: body mass index; MI: myocardial infarction, HF: heart failure; AF: atrial fibrillation; CHD: coronary heart disease; CVD: cardiovascular disease, WC, Waist Circumference; WHR, Waist-to-Hip Ratio.