Table 3.
Convergent validity.
| Constructs | Items | Standardized loadings | Composite reliability (CR) | Cronbach’s alpha | AVE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normative ethical alignment (NEA) | NEA1 | 0.867 | 0.911 | 0.911 | 0.700 |
| NEA2 | 0.754 | ||||
| NEA3 | 0.747 | ||||
| NEA4 | 0.887 | ||||
| NEA5 | 0.914 | ||||
| Institutional accountability mechanisms (IAM) | IAM1 | 0.808 | 0.781 | 0.802 | 0.695 |
| IAM3 | 0.895 | ||||
| IAM4 | 0.795 | ||||
| Algorithmic transparency & explainability (ATE) | ATE3 | 0.878 | 0.797 | 0.796 | 0.711 |
| ATE4 | 0.849 | ||||
| ATE5 | 0.801 | ||||
| Data security & privacy resilience (DSP) | DSP2 | 0.749 | 0.839 | 0.860 | 0.671 |
| DSP3 | 0.882 | ||||
| DSP4 | 0.818 | ||||
| DSP5 | 0.821 | ||||
| Regulatory & social legitimacy (RSL) | RSL1 | 0.797 | 0.862 | 0.868 | 0.646 |
| RSL2 | 0.852 | ||||
| RSL3 | 0.842 | ||||
| RSL4 | 0.754 | ||||
| RSL5 | 0.767 | ||||
| Sustainable customer trust (SCT) | SCT1 | 0.778 | 0.871 | 0.880 | 0.660 |
| SCT2 | 0.814 | ||||
| SCT3 | 0.844 | ||||
| SCT4 | 0.749 | ||||
| SCT5 | 0.871 | ||||
| Customer retention (CR) | CR1 | 0.797 | 0.896 | 0.938 | 0.701 |
| CR2 | 0.935 | ||||
| CR3 | 0.817 | ||||
| CR4 | 0.899 | ||||
| CR5 | 0.721 |
IAM2, IAM5, ATE1, ATE2, DSP1 were deleted.