Table 2. Summary of intervention types to address language barriers in paediatric emergency care.

Intervention type	Description	Studies	Total (n=9)
Interpreter focused	Interventions involving the use of in-person, telephone, video, interpreter support.	19 45 46	3
Visual and picture-based tools	Image-led tools to support history-taking and disease management.	47 48	2
Quality improvement and workflow redesign	Process and system changes to improve identification and delivery of language support.	49–51	3
Training and simulation	Staff education using simulation methodology.	52	1