Table 1. Genetic distances between populations estimated from Y-haplogroup frequencies.
| North castes | South castes | Reduced tribes | Northeast-east tribes | Turkey | Central Asia | Mongols/Buryats | Southeast Asia | Iran | Iraq | East Europe | Russia | West Europe | Ethiopia | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North castes | 0.00 | |||||||||||||
| South castes | 0.07 | 0.00 | ||||||||||||
| Reduced tribes | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.00 | |||||||||||
| Northeast-east tribes | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.00 | ||||||||||
| Turkey | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.21 | 0.00 | |||||||||
| Central Asia | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.19 | 0.05 | 0.00 | ||||||||
| Mongols/Buryats | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.32 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.00 | |||||||
| Southeast Asia | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.30 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Iran | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.22 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.00 | |||||
| Iraq | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.17 | 0.26 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.02 | 0.00 | ||||
| East Europe | 0.08 | 0.23 | 0.19 | 0.33 | 0.16 | 0.11 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.00 | |||
| Russia | 0.08 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.29 | 0.11 | 0.06 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.13 | 0.18 | 0.03 | 0.00 | ||
| West Europe | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.00 | |
| Ethiopia | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 0.21 | 0.27 | 0.40 | 0.39 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.42 | 0.00 |