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. 2026 Jun 6;16:25837. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-56231-z

Table 2.

Loading and reliability factors.

Latent variables Indicators Loading CR AVE VIF
Attitude 0.791 0.654
It is wise to utilize renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) at my home A3 0.817 1.106
It would be pleasant to utilize renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) at my home A4 0.801 1.106
Subjective norms 0.767 0.524
People who are valuable for me have the opinion that I should use renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) at my home S1 0.736 1.095
I will use renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) if my friends also use it S4 0.683 1.202
I will use renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) if my relatives advise me to use S5 0.750 1.209
Perceived behavioral control 0.807 0.583
I have the required knowledge to utilize renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) P2 0.795 1.326
I have the resources to utilize renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) P3 0.772 1.341
I have full control of utilizing renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) P4 0.721 1.173
Belief about costs of renewable energy utilization 0.773 0.532
Electricity price will be increased, as renewable energy (RE) projects require a high initial capital B2 0.708 1.144
The utilization of renewable energy (RE) requires high installation costs B4 0.787 1.223
Battery replacement in case of using solar PV requires additional costs B5 0.689 1.143
Environmental concern 0.678 0.525
I am worried about climate change E2 0.545 1.003
Renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) would improve the environment E4 0.868 1.003
Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Renewable Energy 0.787 0.554
Energy-saving behavior motivate me to pay for renewable energy (RE) W2 0.704 1.212
Environmental friendliness nature of renewable energy (RE) motivate me to pay for renewable energy (RE) W3 0.829 1.317
Reliability of renewable power generation technologies (RPTs) motivate me to pay for renewable energy (RE) W4 0.691 1.152
Consumer’s Intention to Use Renewable Energy 0.792 0.561
I intend to use renewable power generation technologies (RPTs)  if banks provide loan and financial assistance C4 0.810 1.286
I am planning to spend more money on renewable power generation technologies (RPTs)  than traditional electricity C5 0.746 1.216
I have a positive intention that other people should utilize renewable power generation technologies (RPTs)  at their homes C6 0.685 1.168