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. 2026 Aug 5;14:1827163. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1827163

Table 2.

DR parameters of the lumbar (n = 15) and thoracic AIS (n = 10) patients.

Lumbar AIS (n = 15) Cobb angle (°) Maximum vertebral inclination angle (°) Flexibility index of the convex side (%) Flexibility index of the concave side (%) Maximum thickness of the erector spinae muscles of the convex side (mm) Maximum thickness of the erector spinae muscles of the concave side (mm)
Mean 26.8 15.5 −30 69.6 2.8 2.4
Standard deviation 9.7 6.8 24 19 0.27 0.23
P value* 0.001* 0.001*
Thoracic AIS (n = 10) Cobb angle (°) Maximum vertebral inclination angle (°) Flexibility index of the convex side (%) Flexibility index of the concave side (%) Maximum thickness of the erector spinae muscles of the convex side (mm) Maximum thickness of the erector spinae muscles of the concave side (mm)
Mean 32.5 11.9 −19.3 63.2 2.7 2.2
Standard deviation 13.7 5.2 48.2 23.7 0.85 0.83
P value^ 0.001^ 0.006^

P value*: P < 0.05, comparisons between the convex side and concave side in the lumbar AIS; P value^: P < 0.05, comparisons between the convex side and concave side in thoracic AIS.