Table 3. Univariable and multivariable generalised estimating equations analyses of factors associated with antibiotic prescribing when not indicated.
| Variable | OR (95% CI) | P value (OR) | aOR (95% CI) | P value (aOR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| 28 days to 12 months | Ref | Ref | ||
| 0–27 days | Non-estimable | Non-estimable | ||
| 13–23 months | 0.57 (0.33 to 0.99) | 0.045* | 0.58 (0.33 to 1.02) | 0.057 |
| 2–5 years | 0.77 (0.49 to 1.21) | 0.262 | 0.70 (0.44 to 1.12) | 0.139 |
| 6–11 years | 0.64 (0.36 to 1.12) | 0.115 | 0.62 (0.35 to 1.11) | 0.109 |
| 12–18 years | 0.36 (0.11 to 1.21) | 0.099 | 0.25 (0.07 to 0.88) | 0.030* |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | Ref | Ref | ||
| Male | 1.64 (1.15 to 2.33) | 0.006* | 1.64 (1.14 to 2.34) | 0.007* |
| Ambiguous | Non-estimable | Non-estimable | ||
| Rank of prescriber | ||||
| House officer | Ref | Ref | ||
| Specialised nurse | 4.75 (3.04 to 7.40) | <0.001* | 4.08 (2.55 to 6.53) | <0.001* |
| Physician assistant | 2.47 (1.47 to 4.14) | 0.001 | 2.19 (1.27 to 3.76) | 0.005* |
| Medical officer | 0.90 (0.57 to 1.43) | 0.666 | 0.87 (0.54 to 1.38) | 0.546 |
| Resident | 0.48 (0.07 to 3.58) | 0.478 | 0.46 (0.06 to 3.36) | 0.459 |
| Specialist (paediatricians) | 1.23 (0.16 to 9.31) | 0.841 | 1.18 (0.17 to 8.35) | 0.868 |
| History of fever | ||||
| No | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 0.66 (0.46 to 0.95) | 0.026* | 0.76 (0.51 to 1.15) | 0.036* |
| Information not available | 0.98 (0.51 to 1.88) | 0.943 | 0.84 (0.42 to 1.68) | 0.661 |
| Prior antibiotics given | ||||
| No | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 1.16 (0.64 to 2.10) | 0.631 | 1.05 (0.57 to 1.92) | 0.791 |
| Information not available | 2.27 (1.59 to 3.24) | <0.001* | 1.41 (0.93 to 2.13) | 0.009* |
*
P value <0.05.
aOR, adjusted OR.