(A) Crude membranes of MRP4 baculovirus infected High Five insect cells (100 μg protein/ml) were incubated at 37°C for 5 min with polyphenols in the presence and absence of BeFx. The reaction was initiated by addition of 5 mM ATP and terminated with SDS (2.5% final concentration) after 20 min incubation at 37°C. The MRP4-specific activity was determined as described in the legend to Fig. 7. (B) MRP4 substrate PGE1 stimulates MRP4 ATPase activity [30]. Briefly, crude membranes were incubated with 20 μM of PGE1 in the absence or presence of polyphenols at indicated concentrations, and the ATPase assay was carried out as described above. In A and B panels: quercetin (filled squares), silymarin (open squares), naringenin (filled circle), hesperetin (open diamonds), daidzein (filled diamonds), and, resveratrol (open circle). Values represent mean ± S.D from at least three independent experiments.