| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscopy |
| MDA | Malondialdehyde |
| TBA | Thiobarbituric acid |
| TCA | Trichloroacetic acid |
| FTIR | Fourier transform infrared |
| DEGs | Differentially expressed genes |
| SGD | Saccharomyces Genome Database |
| GO | Gene Ontology |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |