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. 2026 Aug 13;15(8):1009. doi: 10.3390/antiox15081009
ABTS 2,2-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
ANOVA Analysis of variance
COSY Correlation spectroscopy
CUPRAC Cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity
DEPT Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
EMA European Medicines Agency
EMS Ethyl methanesulfonate
EIC Extracted Ion Chromatogram
ESI Electrospray ionization
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration
flr3 Flare (Drosophila wing hair marker)
FRAP Ferric reducing antioxidant power
GAE Gallic acid equivalents
GC-MS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
HMBC Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation
HR-ESI-MS High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
HSQC Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence
HUEF Herbarium of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy
IOC Densitometric intensity of open-circular DNA form
ISC Densitometric intensity of supercoiled DNA form
LC/qTOF-MS Liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
MeOH Methanol
mwh Multiple wing hairs (Drosophila wing hair marker)
n-BuOH n-Butanol
NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance
NOESY Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy
PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
ROESY Rotating-frame Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy
Q-TOF Quadrupole time-of-flight
%RS Relative supercoiled DNA protection value
%RV Relative supercoiled DNA content
%S Percentage of supercoiled DNA form
SD Standard deviation
SMART Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test
TBE Tris-borate-EDTA buffer
TE Trolox equivalents
TEAC Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity
TMS Tetramethylsilane
TPC Total phenolic content
TPTZ 2,4,6-Tripyridyl-s-triazine
TRPA1 Transient receptor potential ankyrin type-1
UV Ultraviolet
WHO World Health Organization