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Effects of cya and exogenous cAMP on specific biofilm formation by MG1655 and its csrA mutant TRMG1655. Cultures were grown for 24 h in LB medium plus 0.2% glucose or CFA medium in the presence of 0, 2, or 5 mM cAMP. Each bar shows the average and standard error of three experiments. ∗, that cya disruption significantly decreased biofilm formation (P < 0.0001); ∗∗, addition of cAMP to the culture resulted in a significant increase in biofilm (P < 0.0001).
