| AgRP | Agouti-Related Peptide |
| AMPK | AMP-activated Protein Kinase |
| ATP | Adenosine Triphosphate |
| ATP5A | ATP Synthase Subunit Alpha, Mitochondrial |
| ATP5B | ATP Synthase Subunit Beta, Mitochondrial |
| ATP6 | ATP Synthase Membrane Subunit 6 |
| BNIP3 | BCL2-Interacting Protein 3 |
| CAF | Cafeteria Diet |
| CPT1/2 | Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1/2 |
| CREB | cAMP-Response Element Binding Protein |
| CS | Citrate Synthase |
| COX | Cytochrome C Oxidase |
| Cox1 | Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I |
| Cox2 | Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit II |
| Cytb | Cytochrome b |
| DNM1L | Dynamin 1 Like |
| Dnm2 | Dynamin 2 |
| DOHaD | Developmental Origins of Health and Disease |
| DRP1 | Dynamin-Related Protein 1 |
| E0 to E17 | Embryonic Day 0 to 17 |
| ETC | Electron Transport Chain |
| Esrra | Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha |
| FBG | Fasting Blood Glucose |
| FAO | Fatty Acid Oxidation |
| FGF21 | Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 |
| Fis1 | Mitochondrial Fission 1 Protein |
| GDM | Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
| GLUT4 | Glucose Transporter Type 4 |
| GSIS | Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion |
| GSH | Glutathione |
| GWG | Gestational Weight Gain |
| GFR | Global Food Restriction |
| HFD | High-Fat Diet |
| HFLF | High Fat, Low Fiber |
| HFHS | High Fat, High Sucrose |
| HSD | High Sucrose Diet |
| IDH2 | Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 2 |
| IUGR | Intrauterine Growth Restriction |
| LC3B | Microtubule-Associated Protein 1A/1B-Light Chain 3 Beta |
| LDL-c | Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol |
| LP | Low Protein |
| LPD | Low-Protein Diet |
| MAFLD | Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease |
| MFN | Mitofusin |
| MFF | Mitochondrial Fission Factor |
| MPC1 | Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier 1 |
| mROS | Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species |
| MSC | Mesenchymal Stem Cell |
| MQC | Mitochondrial Quality Control |
| MTCO1 | Mitochondrially Encoded Cytochrome C Oxidase I |
| mtDNA | Mitochondrial DNA |
| mtDNAcn | Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number |
| NDUFA9 | NADH Dehydrogenase 1 Alpha Subcomplex, 9 |
| NDUFB8 | NADH Dehydrogenase 1 Beta Subcomplex Subunit 8 |
| ND1 | NADH Dehydrogenase Subunit 1 |
| NMN | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide |
| NRF1 | Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 |
| OGTT | Oral Glucose Tolerance Test |
| OPA1 | Optic Atrophy 1 |
| OXPHOS | Oxidative Phosphorylation |
| PGC-1α | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Coactivator 1α |
| PGC-1β | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ coactivator 1β |
| PDHA1 | Pyruvate Dehydrogenase E1 Alpha 1 Subunit |
| PINK1 | PTEN Induced Kinase 1 |
| POMC | Pro-Opiomelanocortin |
| PolG | Polymerase γ |
| PPARα | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha |
| PR | Protein Restriction |
| RyR2 | Ryanodine Receptor 2 |
| SIRT | Sirtuin |
| SDH | Succinate Dehydrogenase |
| SDHB | Succinate Dehydrogenase Complex Iron Sulfur Subunit B |
| SGA | Small for Gestational Age |
| SOD | Superoxide Dismutase |
| TFAM | Transcription Factor A, Mitochondria |
| TG | Triglyceride |
| UCP | Uncoupling Protein |
| UQCRC2 | Ubiquinol-Cytochrome C Reductase Core Protein 2 |
| VDAC | Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel |
| WD | Western Diet |