Patient Safety Culture Across 12 Domains
Abbreviations: LOA = Level of Agreement LOP = Level of Perception/Assessment AF = Assessment Frequency EL = Evaluation Level
A. PERCEPTIONS OF YOUR WORK UNIT/DEPARTMENT
A1	Mutual support within unit/department	Degree of willingness to support each other’s work when needed.
A2	Staffing in unit/department	Level of Agreement (LOA) regarding having a sufficient number of healthcare staff.
A3	Teamwork to complete tasks	LOA on coordinating as a team within the unit to accomplish work when quick completion is required.
A4	Mutual respect	LOA regarding mutual respect among all personnel in the unit/department.
A5	Working hours	LOA regarding working hours, specifically the perception that working longer than standard hours is required to complete tasks.
A6	Ensuring patient safety	LOA regarding patient safety assurance activities within the unit/department.
A7	Use of additional temporary/external staff	LOA on the unit needing additional healthcare staff (non-permanent/external) to ensure patient care.
A8	Facing prejudice/stigma when errors occur	Level of Perception/Assessment (LOP) regarding healthcare staff facing prejudice or negative bias when errors occur.
A9	Quality improvement from past errors	LOP regarding the unit achieving better quality improvements based on past errors.
A10	Absence of errors attributed to luck	LOP regarding the perception that the absence of errors in the unit is due to luck rather than proactive prevention.
A11	Support between sections within the same department	LOP regarding different sub-units/sections within the department supporting each other when needed.
A12	Individual blame when incidents occur	LOP regarding assigning individual blame when an incident occurs without investigating process or system failures.
A13	Post-intervention evaluation	LOP regarding evaluating effectiveness after implementing quality improvement measures (interventions).
A14	Rushing to complete work	LOP regarding staff working hastily or rushing to finish tasks.
A15	Prioritizing patient safety	LOP regarding the unit always prioritizing patient safety over rushing to finish work quickly.
A16	Recording errors in personnel files	LOP regarding staff worry that errors will be documented in their personal personnel files.
A17	Patient safety concerns	LOP regarding the unit experiencing issues that compromise patient safety.
A18	Error prevention measures	LOP regarding the unit having established procedures and measures to prevent errors from occurring.
B. PERCEPTIONS OF UNIT/DEPARTMENT LEADERSHIP
B1	Encouragement and recognition for safety compliance	LOA regarding unit leadership encouraging and motivating staff when adhering to standard protocols and ensuring patient safety.
B2	Acknowledging safety improvement suggestions	LOA regarding unit leadership consistently considering and acknowledging staff suggestions for patient safety improvement.
B3	Pressuring staff under high workload	LOA regarding unit leadership pressuring staff to work faster—including skipping steps—when workload increases.
B4	Disregard for patient safety issues	LOA regarding unit leadership ignoring patient safety issues despite knowing that errors recur repeatedly.
C. COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE UNIT/DEPARTMENT
C1	Feedback on error-driven improvement measures	Assessment Frequency (AF) regarding staff receiving feedback on patient safety improvements implemented based on reported errors.
C2	Communicating safety concerns to unit leadership	AF regarding staff feeling comfortable discussing issues that negatively impact patient safety with leadership.
C3	Information sharing on error incidents	AF regarding staff being informed about error incidents that occurred in the unit/department.
C4	Input on patient safety decisions	AF regarding staff feeling comfortable discussing patient safety decisions with unit leadership.
C5	Conducting discussions to prevent error recurrence	AF regarding the unit organizing discussion sessions on measures to prevent error recurrence.
C6	Hesitation to speak up or ask questions	AF regarding staff feeling hesitant or afraid to speak up/ask questions when noticing incorrect practices.
D. EVENT REPORTING FREQUENCY
D1	Reporting frequency for near-miss errors	Evaluation Level (EL) on reporting frequency when a near-miss occurs or an error is intercepted before affecting the patient.
D2	Reporting frequency for no-harm errors	EL on reporting frequency when an incident occurs but causes no harm to the patient.
D3	Reporting frequency for errors with potential/uncertain harm	EL on reporting frequency when an incident occurs where potential harm to the patient is uncertain.
E. PATIENT SAFETY GRADE IN THE UNIT/DEPARTMENT
E1	Overall patient safety grade	Overall assessment of the grade/quality of patient safety in the current work unit/department.
F. PERCEPTIONS OF THE HOSPITAL
F1	Patient safety cultural climate	EL regarding hospital leadership creating a work environment oriented toward patient safety.
F2	Lack of inter-departmental coordination	EL regarding poor coordination between different hospital departments.
F3	Patient transfers between departments	EL regarding vital handover information being missed when transferring patients between departments.
F4	Collaboration among affiliated departments	EL regarding effective coordination and collaboration among related departments.
F5	Shift handover of patient information	EL regarding important patient information being omitted during shift-to-shift handovers.
F6	Comfort level in working with staff from other departments	EL regarding feeling uncomfortable when communicating/collaborating with personnel from other departments.
F7	Communication issues between departments	EL regarding frequent problems arising during inter-departmental information exchange.
F8	Patient safety as a top organizational priority	EL regarding hospital management placing patient safety as the highest priority.
F9	Leadership focus limited to severe incidents	EL regarding hospital leadership only paying attention to patient safety when serious errors occur.
F10	Effective inter-departmental collaboration	EL regarding departments collaborating effectively to ensure optimal patient care.
F11	Shift incident & workflow coordination	EL regarding inter-departmental teamwork during shifts to ensure patient care quality.