ABR	Auditory Brainstem Response
AgNO3	Silver nitrate
ANOVA	Analysis of variance
ARHL	Age-related hearing loss
AS-IV	Astragaloside IV
AUC	Area under the concentration–time curve
Bax	Bcl-2-associated X protein
BCA	Bicinchoninic acid assay
BCL2	B-cell lymphoma 2
BLB	Blood-labyrinth barrier
CAG	Cycloastragenol
CASP3	Caspase-3
CCK-8	Cell Counting Kit-8
CDFH-DA	2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate
CLint	Intrinsic clearance
Cmax	Maximum concentration
CMC-Na	Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
CO2	Carbon dioxide
D-gal	D-galactose
DAVID	Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery
DCFH-DA	2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate
ECL	Enhanced chemiluminescence
ELISA	Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
GP	Erlong Zuoci Wan (positive control group)
GO	Gene Ontology
GSH	Glutathione
HEI-OC1	House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1
HSD	Honestly significant difference
IL-6	Interleukin-6
JC-1	5,5′,6,6′-Tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide
KEGG	Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
Kp	Cochlea-to-plasma partition coefficient
LC-MS/MS	Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
MDA	Malondialdehyde
MFI	Mean fluorescence intensity
MMP	Mitochondrial membrane potential
MRM	Multiple reaction monitoring
NCA	Non-compartmental analysis
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
OMIM	Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
PBS	Phosphate-buffered saline
PCR	Polymerase chain reaction
PDB	Protein Data Bank
PI	Propidium iodide
PK	Pharmacokinetic(s)
PPI	Protein–protein interaction
PVDF	Polyvinylidene fluoride
qPCR	Quantitative polymerase chain reaction
RCSB	Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RT-qPCR	Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction
SD	Standard deviation
SDS-PAGE	Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
SIRT1	Sirtuin 1
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
STRING	Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins
Tmax	Time to maximum concentration
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha