| AhR | Aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| ARE | Antioxidant response element |
| BMEC | Bovine mammary epithelial cell |
| COX-2 | Cyclooxygenase-2 |
| EGCG | Epigallocatechin-3-gallate |
| FMT | Fecal microbiota transplantation |
| GPX4 | Glutathione peroxidase 4 |
| HO-1 | Heme oxygenase-1 |
| IGPD | Imidazole glycerol phosphate dehydratase |
| IKK | IκB kinase |
| iNOS | Inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| Keap1 | Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| LTA | Lipoteichoic acid |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| MEC | Mammary epithelial cell |
| mMEC | Murine mammary epithelial cell |
| MIC | Minimum inhibitory concentration |
| MRSA | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa B |
| NLRP3 | NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 |
| Nrf2 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
| OMEC | Ovine mammary epithelial cell |
| PAMP | Pathogen-associated molecular pattern |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| SCFA | Short-chain fatty acid |
| SOD | Superoxide dismutase |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| ZO-1 | Zonula occludens-1 |