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. 2026 Aug 13;13:1927483. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1927483

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Copyright © 2026 Huang, Wu, Qu, Liu, Feng, Ren, Yang, Xu and Fan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Bar graph compares peak area ratios for butanol and hexanol (panel A) and octanol and decanol (panel B) at five concentration levels (0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 milligrams per liter). Each bar is labeled with statistical groupings (a, b, c). Higher concentrations generally reduce peak ratios in medium and short chain alcohols, while long chain alcohols show less pronounced declines. Color and pattern legends identify concentration levels. — Effects of isoamyl alcohol on the volatility of aliphatic alcohols. (A) Medium- and short-chain alcohols. (B) Long-chain alcohols. Different lowercase letters denote significant differences via Duncan’s multiple range test (p < 0.05).