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. 2026 Aug 13;13:1927483. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1927483

TABLE 3.

Sigmoidal curve-fitted olfactory thresholds of single typical odorants.

No. Compound Odor description Threshold (μg/L)
Literature thresholda Measured thresholdb
1 Isoamyl alcohol Whiskey, malt, burnt aroma 70,000 79799.49
2 Ethyl acetate Pineapple aroma 32,600 40738.03
3 Ethyl isovalerate Apple aroma, fruity aroma 6.89 89.13
4 Ethyl hexanoate Fruity aroma, sweet aroma 55.3 506.99
5 Ethyl octanoate Fruity aroma, floral aroma, pineapple aroma 12.9 199.53
6 Ethyl nonanoate Fruity aroma 1,200 2971.67
7 Ethyl laurate Waxy aroma, fruity aroma 500 668.34
8 Butanol Fruity aroma 2,730 6918.31
9 Hexanol Floral aroma 5,370 5623.41
10 Octanol Fruity aroma 1,100 2023.02
11 Decanol Sweet aroma, floral aroma 770 602.56
12 Geraniol Rose aroma, geranium aroma 30 72.44
13 Linalool Floral aroma, lavender aroma 15 24.27
14 D-Limonene Orange aroma, lemon aroma 13.5 247.17
15 α-Terpineol Fatty aroma, anise aroma, mint aroma – 1780.27
16 4-Ethylphenol Smoky aroma 600 1000.00
17 Furfural Sweet aroma, almond aroma 3,000 2754.23
18 Styrene Plastic odor, pungent odor 1,400 2041.74
19 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone Butter aroma, creamy aroma 259 443.61

aLiterature thresholds were determined in 46% (v/v) ethanol-water matrix.

bMeasured thresholds were obtained in the 54% (v/v) binary hydroalcoholic model of this study; “–” represents unavailable published data.