Table 2.
Various clinical and investigational parameters as predictor of clopidogrel resistance (Both total resistance and semi-resistance) and aspirin resistance in stable CAD patients.
| Descriptive Parameters | Aspirin |
Clopidogrel |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Responder [n = 105] (%) |
Resistance [n = 46] (%) |
p value (2-sided) |
Responder [n = 91] (%) | Resistance [n = 53] (%) |
p value (2 sided) |
|
| Male Sex | 90 (85.7) | 36 (78.3) | 0.34 | 79 (86.8) | 40 (75.5) | 0.07 |
| Female Sex | 15 (14.3) | 10 (21.7) | 12 (13.2) | 13 (24.5) | ||
| Diabetes | 33 (31.4) | 23 (50) | 0.04 | 29 (31.9) | 24 (45.3) | 0.08 |
| Hypertension | 40 (38.1) | 22 (47.8) | 0.29 | 34 (37.4) | 26 (49.1) | 0.12 |
| Dyslipidemia | 75 (71.4) | 35 (76.1) | 0.69 | 63 (69.2) | 41 (77.4) | 0.20 |
| Positive Family History | 9 (8.6) | 6 (13) | 0.39 | 4 (4.4) | 10 (18.9) | 0.01 |
| Smoking | 61 (58.1) | 21 (45.6) | 0.21 | 53 (58.2) | 28 (52.8) | 0.32 |
| Tobacco Chewer | 13 (12.4) | 6 (13) | 0.99 | 11 (12.1) | 7 (13.2) | 0.52 |
| Chronic Stable Angina | 26 (24.8) | 14 (30.4) | 0.55 | 20 (22) | 13 (24.5) | 0.44 |
| Acute Coronary Syndrome | 79 (75.2) | 32 (69.6) | 0.55 | 71 (78) | 40 (75.5) | 0.44 |
| Clopidogrel resistance | 18 (17.8) | 35 (81.4) | <0.01 | - | - | - |
| Aspirin resistance | - | - | - | 8 (8.8) | 35 (66) | <0.01 |
|
Continuous Parameters |
Aspirin | Clopidogrel | ||||
|
Responder (Mean [± SD]) |
Resistance (Mean [± SD]) |
p va (2 sided) |
Responder (Mean [± SD]) |
Resistance (Mean [± SD]) |
p (2 sided) |
|
| Age (Years) | 54.4 (10.5) | 56.8 (10) | 0.19 | 53.4 (10.2) | 56.8 (10.4) | 0.56 |
| Hb (g/dl) | 13.5 (2) | 13.3 (1.9) | 0.62 | 13.7 (1.9) | 12.9 (2.1) | 0.02 |
| TLC (/mm3) ∗ | 76.2 (8001.5) # |
75.5 (3474.5) # |
0.93 (2393.50) ^ |
75.3 (6851.5)# |
67.7 (3588.5)# |
0.29 (2157.50) ^ |
| Platelet (/mm3) ∗ | 78.6 (8257.5) # |
69.9 (3218.5) # |
0.26 (2137.50) ^ |
75.8 (6896) # |
66.9 (3544) # |
0.22 (2113.00) ^ |
| Urea (mg/dl) | 28.9 (12.2) | 31.1 (16.1) | 0.37 | 28.4 (12.7) | 31.9 (14.8) | 0.14 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.8 (0.3) | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.64 | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.58 |
| Total Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.9 (0.5) | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.11 | 0.9 (0.5) | 0.8 (0.5) | 0.15 |
| Direct Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.2 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.1) | 0.23 | 0.2 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.1) | 0.13 |
| SGOT (IU) | 83.2 (91) | 77.5 (76.5) | 0.71 | 84.9 (94.6) | 82.6 (75.7) | 0.87 |
| SGPT (IU) | 124.5 (169.6) | 87.4 (156.3) | 0.21 | 132.3 (175.9) | 90.30 (154.6) | 0.15 |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 146.9 (36.3) | 139.8 (39.2) | 0.28 | 146.4 (36.7) | 143.7 (38.9) | 0.68 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 95.8 (31.5) | 89.1 (30.1) | 0.22 | 96.7 (31.9) | 90.6 (29.6) | 0.25 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 37.7 (9) | 35.1 (8.2) | 0.97 | 37.7 (9.4) | 35.8 (8.1) | 0.20 |
| VLDL (mg/dl) | 15.7 (6.3) | 15.6 (5.8) | 0.10 | 15.4 (6.3) | 15.7 (6.1) | 0.79 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 121.2 (59) | 141.3 (77.7) | 0.12 | 125.9 (68.8) | 132.1 (63.4) | 0.60 |
| ESR (mm/1st hr) | 20 (9.8) | 22.5 (8.7) | 0.15 | 19.3 (8.9) | 22.8 (10.1) | 0.03 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 25.1 (32.2) | 25.8 (22.4) | 0.90 | 26.6 (35.1) | 26.1 (17.2) | 0.89 |
| HbA1C (%) | 6.7 (2) | 7.3 (1.8) | 0.05 | 6.8 (2.1) | 7.2 (1.7) | 0.23 |
Bold values depict significant parameters (p ≤ 0.05); ∗ Non-parametric Analysis, # Mean Rank (Sum of Ranks), ^P value (Mann–Whitney U).
SD = standard deviation, LDL = Low density lipoproteins, HDL= High density lipoproteins, VLDL= Very low-density lipoproteins, ESR= Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP= C-reactive protein, Hb = Hemoglobin, TLC = Total leucocyte count.