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. 2026 Aug 17;13:1886122. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1886122

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Copyright © 2026 Meng, Yi, Yu, Chen and Sun.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Forest plot showing odds ratios with ninety-five percent confidence intervals for five studies and an overall estimate. Individual study estimates are displayed as squares with horizontal lines, while the pooled estimate is shown as a diamond. The overall odds ratio is three point zero nine with a confidence interval of one point six five to five point seven seven. I-squared statistic is fifty-five point four percent, with a p-value of zero point zero six two. Each study weight is listed on the right, and a note confirms random effects analysis was used. — Forest plot of extraintestinal manifestations and chronic pouchitis risk.