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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Acad Nutr Diet. 2026 May 21;126(9):156387. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2026.156387

Table 3.

Number and Percentage of Participants with Correct Responses for Each Graphic Feature in User Testing Phases I and II, by Subjective Numeracy Score

Phase I (n=30) Phase II (n=20) Total (n=50)
Features High Numeracya
(n=14)
Lower Numeracy
(n=16)
High Numeracy
(n=8)
Lower Numeracy
(n=12)
High Numeracy
(n=22)
Lower Numeracy
(n=28)
n (%) of Participants with Correct Responses
Below the Target (Vitamin E) 6 (42.9%) 9 (56.3%) 8 (100%) 9 (75.0%) 14 (63.6%) 18 (64.3%)
Blue Bar + Green Bar (Total Nutrient Intake) 11 (78.6%) 7 (43.8%) 7 (87.5%) 12 (100%) 18 (81.8%) 19 (67.9%)
Blue Bar (Nutrient from Supplement) 14 (100%) 14 (87.5%) 8 (100%) 12 (100%) 22 (100%) 26 (92.9%)
Calcium Intake (Intake from Supplement) -b - 6 (75.0%) 9 (75.0%) 6 (75.0%)c 9 (75.0%)
Green Bar (Nutrient from Food) 13 (92.9%) 15 (93.8%) 8 (100%) 12 (100%) 21 (95.5%) 27 (96.4%)
Grey Bar (Intake Remaining to Reach Limit) - - 7 (87.5%) 11 (91.7%) 7 (87.5%) 11 (91.7%)
Iron Intake (Intake from Food) - - 7 (87.5%) 11 (91.7%) 7 (87.5%) 11 (91.7%)
Limit 14 (100%) 13 (81.3%) 8 (100%) 10 (83.3%) 22 (100%) 23 (82.1%)
Limit (Magnesium) - - 2 (25.0%) 1 (8.3%) 2 (25.0%) 1 (8.3%)
Over the Limit 12 (85.7%) 13 (81.3%) 8 (100%) 9 (75.0%) 20 (90.9%) 22 (78.6%)
Target 13 (92.9%) 16 (100%) 8 (100%) 10 (83.3%) 21 (95.5%) 26 (92.9%)
Total Intake Table (Iron) 14 (100%) 11 (68.8%) - - 14 (100%) 11 (68.8%)
Total Intake Graphic (Vitamin E) - - 7 (87.5%) 10 (83.3%) 7 (87.5%) 10 (83.3%)
Warning Symbol (When Over the Limit) 12 (85.7%) 15 (93.8%) 7 (87.5%) 11 (91.7%) 19 (86.4%) 26 (92.9%)
a

SNS is Subjective Numeracy Scale: Range 3–18, Study Range 6–18;16 high numeracy is 17–18 and lower numeracy is ≤16

b

A dash (−) represents data that was not collected in Phase I or Phase II.

c

For features assessed in Phase I or II only (e.g., Calcium Intake from Supplement), percentages in the Total column reflect the participant total from that phase.