Table 2.
Loading of CMAI items into factors and variance explained by each factor in Australian/New Zealand (N = 304) and Canadian/European data (N = 344), adapted from [23], 25 items included.
| Study 1 (Australia and New Zealand) | Study 2 (Canada and Europe) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | |
| CMAI item | ||||||||
| Hitting (including self) | 0.79 | −0.03 | −0.11 | 0.05 | 0.77 | −0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 |
| Kicking | 0.75 | 0.03 | −0.15 | −0.04 | 0.76 | −0.03 | −0.04 | 0.05 |
| Biting | 0.75 | −0.11 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.67 | −0.04 | −0.11 | −0.11 |
| Scratching | 0.72 | −0.2 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.7 | 0.05 | −0.16 | −0.11 |
| Throwing things | 0.69 | −0.09 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.58 | 0.05 | −0.04 | −0.04 |
| Spitting (include at meals) | 0.53 | −0.08 | −0.09 | −0.02 | 0.56 | −0.03 | −0.18 | −0.18 |
| Pushing | 0.51 | 0.28 | −0.1 | −0.02 | 0.65 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Tearing things/destroying property | 0.47 | 0.2 | −0.05 | 0.16 | 0.30 | 0.27 | −0.11 | 0.34 |
| Screaming | 0.45 | 0.14 | 0.29 | 0.13 | 0.49 | −0.30 | 0.35 | −0.05 |
| Grabbing onto people | 0.44 | 0.37 | −0.04 | −0.21 | 0.61 | 0.21 | 0.09 | −0.08 |
| Cursing or verbal aggression | 0.4 | −0.08 | 0.4 | −0.04 | 0.42 | −0.17 | 0.31 | 0.19 |
| Hurting self or others | 0.32 | 0.24 | −0.01 | −0.25 | 0.68 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
| Trying to get to a different place | −0.16 | 0.85 | −0.02 | −0.03 | 0.06 | 0.67 | 0 | −0.08 |
| Pacing, aimless wandering | −0.16 | 0.75 | −0.03 | 0.15 | −0.15 | 0.72 | 0.09 | −0.02 |
| General restlessness | −0.08 | 0.73 | 0.22 | −0.09 | 0 | 0.61 | 0.41 | −0.04 |
| Handling things inappropriately | 0.08 | 0.63 | −0.19 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.41 | −0.16 | 0.28 |
| Inappropriate dressing or disrobing | 0.20 | 0.43 | 0.04 | 0.38 | 0.14 | 0.61 | −0.09 | 0.05 |
| Performing repetitious mannerisms | 0.11 | 0.37 | 0.24 | −0.03 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.33 | 0.04 |
| Complaining | −0.05 | −0.07 | 0.80 | 0.13 | −0.08 | −0.11 | 0.73 | 0.08 |
| Negativism | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.74 | 0.15 | 0.05 | −0.16 | 0.63 | 0.15 |
| Constant unwarranted requests for attention/help | −0.16 | 0.11 | 0.73 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.75 | −0.14 |
| Repetitive sentences or questions | −0.13 | 0.16 | 0.73 | −0.05 | 0.07 | 0.16 | 0.68 | −0.10 |
| Hiding things | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.86 | −0.12 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.84 |
| Hoarding things | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.86 | −0.1 | −0.04 | 0.04 | 0.85 |
| Strange noises (weird laughter/cry) | 0.23 | 0.21 | 0.19 | −0.42 | 0.26 | −0.23 | 0.12 | −0.12 |
| Variance explained by each factor, % | 19.4 | 13 | 10.1 | 6.9 | 19.3 | 10.8 | 9.7 | 6.3 |
F1: factor 1, Aggressive behavior; F2: factor 2, Physically nonaggressive behavior; F3: factor 3, Verbally agitated behavior; F4: factor 4, Hiding and hoarding.