Figure 4.

SHAP interpretation of the final models in the external validation cohort. (a-c) Global feature importance ranked by mean absolute SHAP value for 30-day mortality, long-term all-cause mortality, and long-term cause-specific mortality, respectively. (d-f) Corresponding SHAP summary plots; each point represents one patient, coloured by feature value (low to high).

LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ANC, absolute neutrophil count; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; ALB, albumin; PNI, prognostic nutritional index; CRP, C-reactive protein; F-ILD, fibrotic interstitial lung disease; AGR, albumin-to-globulin ratio; PWR, platelet-to-white blood cell ratio; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CTD-ILD, connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease; IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; SHAP, SHapley Additive exPlanations.