Table 3.
Comparison between complete cement removal and partial cement retention among surgically treated patients
| Variable | Complete cement removal (n = 17) | Partial cement retention (n = 8) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 72 (69–72) | 68.5 (65.5–70.2) | 0.094 |
| Male sex | 4 (23.5%) | 4 (50.0%) | 0.359 |
| Referral cases | 16 (94.1%) | 7 (87.5%) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1 (5.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.000 |
| Hypertension | 7 (41.2%) | 3 (37.5%) | 1.000 |
| Serum albumin, g/L | 32.5 (31.7–35.8) | 32.8 (32.2–36.5) | 0.605 |
| WBC, ×10⁹/L | 7.2 (4.9–8.6) | 4.9 (4.2–6.2) | 0.044 |
| CRP, mg/L | 22.3 (11.8–73.9) | 12.4 (4.9–14.7) | 0.232 |
| ESR, mm/h | 56 (37–82) | 24.5 (14–50.2) | 0.137 |
| Fever | 7 (41.2%) | 4 (50.0%) | 1.000 |
| Preoperative neurological impairment (ASIA grade D) | 5 (29.4%) | 1 (12.5%) | 0.624 |
| Spinal tuberculosis | 3 (17.6%) | 2 (25.0%) | 1.000 |
| Preoperative ODI score | 40 (10–60) | 45 (35–57.5) | 0.396 |
| Operative time, min | 305 (290–360) | 222.5 (202.5–250) | < 0.001 |
| Intraoperative blood loss, mL | 1000 (700–1000) | 700 (600–825) | 0.224 |
| Final ODI score | 9 (7–14) | 7 (4.8–7.5) | 0.134 |
| Mortality | 1 (5.9%) | 1 (12.5%) | 1.000 |
Values are presented as median (interquartile range) or n (%). The two patients who underwent posterior fixation only were not included in this subgroup comparison. Continuous variables were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. Categorical variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test