Table 2.

Descriptive statistics of core variables in the province-year panel, 2006–2025.

Variable	N	Mean	SD	Min	P25	Median	P75	Max
HP-DFE	620	0.463	0.211	0.082	0.292	0.441	0.637	0.928
RE-DFE	620	0.397	0.229	0.041	0.199	0.365	0.578	0.952
FL	620	0.512	0.175	0.126	0.386	0.511	0.641	0.891
SA	620	0.455	0.202	0.073	0.301	0.438	0.606	0.914
UE	620	0.41	0.18	0.092	0.274	0.392	0.529	0.887
SEI	620	0.534	0.157	0.164	0.421	0.536	0.651	0.882
CN	496	0.561	0.136	0.218	0.462	0.567	0.661	0.841
NR	496	0.384	0.148	0.096	0.276	0.369	0.481	0.789
ln GDP per capita	620	10.921	0.641	9.317	10.482	10.899	11.354	12.468
Urbanization rate	620	0.586	0.142	0.287	0.48	0.574	0.691	0.896
ln disposable income	620	10.126	0.512	8.842	9.783	10.104	10.479	11.512
Food price index	620	103.284	4.621	94.6	100.2	102.8	105.7	119.3
Public health resources	620	0.498	0.166	0.143	0.372	0.493	0.617	0.884