Table 2.

Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of KMT and KDM isoforms in ischemic stroke.

Target	Study Model	Pathophysiological Mechanism	Regulatory Axis	Key Finding	References
G9a, SUV39H1	PTS Induced Mice	Apoptosis	G9a, SUV39H1/BDNF	Inhibition of G9a and SUV39H1 post-stroke promotes BDNF transcriptional activation.	[34]
EZH2	MCAO/R Induced Rats	Angiogenesis	EZH2/BDNF	EZH2 inhibition promotes BDNF transcriptional activation.	[35]
EZH2	MCAO/R Induced Rats	Apoptosis	EZH2/PI3K/Akt/mTOR	EZH2 inhibition reduces ischemia-induced apoptosis.	[37]
EZH2	MCAO/R Induced Rats	Proteostasis Disruption	EZH2/Foxc1/Ubqln1	Deacetylation of EZH2 promotes Foxc1 expression, subsequently upregulating Ubqln1 and reducing post-stroke protein damage.	[38]
SMYD2	MCAO/R Induced Mice	BBB Integrity	SMYD2/Sphk/S1PR	SMYD2 inhibition ameliorates blood-brain barrier damage after stroke.	[39]
SETD1B	MCAO/R Induced Mice	Ferroptosis	SETD1B/Tfrc	SETD1B inhibition reduces Tfrc expression and alleviates ferroptosis.	[42]
KDM4A	MCAO/R Induced Rats	Inflammation	KDM4A/NF-κB	KDM4A inhibition suppresses NF-κB activation and attenuates neuroinflammation.	[48]
KDM4A	MCAO/R Induced Mice	Inflammation	KDM4A/MDM2/CTRP3	KDM4A inhibition promotes microglial polarization toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype.	[49]
KDM6A	MCAO/R Induced Mice	Inflammation	KDM6A/IRF5	KDM6A inhibition suppresses IRF5 activation and alleviates neuroinflammation.	[51]
KDM6B	MCAO/R Induced Rats	Apoptosis	KDM6B/BMP2/Bmf	KDM6B inhibition reduces post-stroke apoptosis via Bmf downregulation.	[53]
KDM1A	MCAO/R Induced Mice	Apoptosis	KDM1A/SPHK2	KDM1A inhibition reduces stroke-induced apoptosis.	[44]
KDM2A	MCAO/R Induced Rats	Apoptosis	KDM2A/β-catenin	KDM2A inhibition stabilizes β-catenin protein and suppresses apoptosis.	[46]