Table 1.
Participant characteristics of syringe service program recipients with stimulant use disorder in Burlington, Vermont between 02/24–07/24, overall and by treatment condition.
| Variable | All Participants (n = 27) | Health Education + CM for Session Attendance Condition (n = 13) | Health Education + CM for Stimulant Abstinence Condition (n = 14) | p- valuea | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| mean | SD | mean | SD | mean | SD | ||
| Mean age (years) | 41.8 | 7.7 | 40.1 | 6.1 | 43.4 | 8.8 | 0.27 |
| n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Gender | 0.18 | ||||||
| Female | 16 | 59.3 | 6 | 46.2 | 10 | 71.4 | |
| Male | 11 | 40.7 | 7 | 53.8 | 4 | 28.6 | |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.51 | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 23 | 85.2 | 11 | 84.6 | 12 | 85.7 | |
| Non-Hispanic, > 1 race | 3 | 11.1 | 2 | 15.4 | 1 | 7.1 | |
| Hispanic, > 1 race | 1 | 3.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 7.1 | |
| Primary Drug | 0.48 | ||||||
| Cocaine | 10 | 37.0 | 4 | 30.8 | 6 | 42.9 | |
| Methamphetamine | 8 | 29.6 | 3 | 23.1 | 5 | 35.7 | |
| Cocaine & heroin/fentanyl | 3 | 11.1 | 2 | 15.4 | 1 | 7.1 | |
| Methamphetamine & heroin/fentanyl | 3 | 11.1 | 2 | 15.4 | 1 | 7.1 | |
| Heroin/fentanyl | 2 | 7.4 | 2 | 15.4 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Not reported | 1 | 3.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 7.1 | |
| Injection Drug Use | 0.47 | ||||||
| Yes | 19 | 70.4 | 10 | 76.9 | 9 | 64.3 | |
| Reported Fentanyl Use | 0.47 | ||||||
| Yes | 19 | 70.4 | 10 | 76.9 | 9 | 64.3 | |
| Current Treatment | |||||||
| Medication for opioid use disorder | 22 | 81.5 | 10 | 76.9 | 12 | 85.7 | 0.65 |
| Outpatient | 3 | 11.1 | 2 | 15.4 | 1 | 7.1 | 0.60 |
| 12-step/recovery group | 3 | 11.1 | 2 | 15.4 | 1 | 7.1 | 0.60 |
| None | 3 | 11.1 | 2 | 15.4 | 1 | 7.1 | 0.60 |
| Past Year Treatment | |||||||
| Medication for opioid use disorder | 24 | 88.9 | 11 | 84.6 | 13 | 92.9 | 0.60 |
| Outpatient | 5 | 18.5 | 3 | 23.1 | 2 | 14.3 | 0.65 |
| Inpatient | 3 | 11.1 | 1 | 7.7 | 2 | 14.3 | 1.00 |
| 12-step/recovery group | 3 | 11.1 | 2 | 15.4 | 1 | 7.1 | 0.60 |
| None | 3 | 11.1 | 2 | 15.4 | 1 | 7.1 | 0.60 |
| Housing Status | 0.40 | ||||||
| Unhoused/Unstable | 20 | 74.1 | 11 | 84.6 | 9 | 64.3 | |
| Permanent | 6 | 22.2 | 2 | 15.4 | 4 | 28.6 | |
| Not reported | 1 | 3.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 7.1 | |
| Employment Status | 0.45 | ||||||
| Unemployed | 16 | 59.3 | 9 | 69.2 | 7 | 50.0 | |
| Disability | 8 | 29.6 | 3 | 23.1 | 5 | 35.7 | |
| Part-time work | 1 | 3.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 7.1 | |
| Full-time work | 1 | 3.7 | 1 | 7.7 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Other | 1 | 3.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 7.1 | |
| Jail or Prison in Last 12 Months | 0.17 | ||||||
| Yes | 6 | 22.2 | 1 | 7.7 | 5 | 35.7 | |
Notes:
a
p-values based on two-sample t-tests, Fisher’s exact tests, and χ2 tests. CM = contingency management.