Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2026 Aug 20;17:1897284. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1897284

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2026 Yue, Alhaskawi, Ezzi and Zhou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Infographic illustrating the mechanism of exosome biogenesis and function in osteoarthritis, showing a human figure with highlighted knee, labeled exosome pathways from mesenchymal stem cells and stages including endocytosis, sorting endosomes, multivesicular bodies, exocytosis, and molecular cargo transfer related to cartilage regeneration. — Biogenesis, maturation, secretion, and cellular uptake of exosomes, illustrating early and late endosomal formation, multivesicular body (MVB) development, plasma membrane fusion, and exosome-mediated delivery of molecular cargo. The figure also highlights MSC-derived exosome contribution to cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis.