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. 2026 Jul 24;24:471. doi: 10.1186/s12964-026-03023-7

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7

Unlabelled proteomics analysis of OTA-exposed NRK52E cell-derived sEVs. A Venn diagram representing the distribution of sEV proteins between control, LD, and HD. (B) The volcano plot shows significantly upregulated and downregulated proteins in the LD vs the control group, as well as in the HD vs the control group. X-axis depicting the difference (Log2 fold change) and Y-axis depicting the –logP (significance). Statistical significance was calculated using two-sample t-tests followed by Benjamini–Hochberg correction. (C) Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis reveals that several biological processes were enriched, as indicated. C-sEVs = sEVs of vehicle-exposed NRK52E cells, LD-sEVs = sEVs of OTA-250 nM-exposed NRK52E cells, and HD-sEVs = sEVs of OTA-500 nM-exposed NRK52E cells