Table 3.
Comparison of scores for patient self-care, spouse contribution to self-Care, health literacy, mutuality, and social support.
| Item | Patient (n = 145) | Spouse (n = 145) | Z | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-care maintenance | 20.00 (13.33, 40.00) | 16.66 (6.67, 36.66) | −6.667 | <0.001 |
| Self-care management | 15.00 (0.00, 35.00) | 10.00 (0.00, 25.00) | −3.904 | <0.001 |
| Self-care confidence | 33.36 (16.68, 55.60) | 27.80 (16.68, 55.60) | −2.599 | 0.009 |
| Functional health literacy | 7.00 (5.00, 10.00) | — | — | — |
| Communicative health literacy | 8.00 (7.00, 11.00) | — | — | — |
| Critical health literacy | 5.00 (4.00, 8.00) | — | — | — |
| Health knowledge and awareness | — | 32.00 (28.00, 37.00) | — | — |
| Health behavior | — | 26.00 (22.00, 33.00) | — | — |
| Health skills | — | 31.00 (26.00, 36.00) | — | — |
| Total score of health literacy scale | 20.00 (17.00, 29.00) | 89.00 (74.00, 105.00) | — | — |
| love and affection | 2.00 (2.00, 3.00) | 2.00 (1.67, 3.00) | −2.164 | 0.030 |
| Shared pleasurable activities | 1.80 (1.00, 2.60) | 1.80 (1.00, 2.80) | −0.573 | 0.567 |
| Shared values | 2.00 (1.50, 3.00) | 2.00 (1.50, 3.00) | −0.113 | 0.910 |
| Reciprocity | 1.60 (1.00, 2.40) | 1.60 (1.00, 2.40) | −0.630 | 0.529 |
| Average total score of mutuality scale | 1.87 (1.27, 2.67) | 1.87 (1.27, 2.73) | −0.620 | 0.535 |
| Objective support | 9.00 (9.00, 10.00) | 10.00 (9.00, 10.00) | −0.220 | 0.826 |
| Subjective support | 19.00 (17.00, 21.00) | 19.00 (17.00, 21.00) | −1.305 | 0.192 |
| Utilization of support | 3.00 (3.00, 6.00) | 4.00 (3.00, 6.00) | −0.206 | 0.836 |
| Total score of social support scale | 32.00 (29.00, 36.00) | 32.00 (29.00, 37.00) | −0.921 | 0.357 |
Data are presented as M (P25, P75). Paired comparisons between patients and spouses were not performed for health literacy, because the dimensions and scoring ranges of the patient and spouse versions of the scale differed. The remaining paired comparisons adopted the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.