Table 1.

Final themes, subthemes, representative quotations, and stakeholder sources.

Theme	Main subthemes	Representative quotation	Stakeholder source
Technological integration and digital acceleration	AI tools; project management platforms; social media; digital use	“Whoever learns to work with this highly proficiently will benefit from it and accelerate their efficiency.”	Employer R14
Human dynamics and the soft skills deficit	Accountability; resilience; communication; leadership	“Finding an individual who will actually accept that responsibility and is willing to bear it is, in my opinion, becoming harder and harder.”	Employer R8
Theory–practice gap	Practical readiness; internships; transition to work	“I think that is an irreplaceable experience. It gives a person more than certain courses do.”	Graduate A2
Career sustainability	International experience; intercultural competence; lifelong learning	“As for networking—well, I consider that to be the alpha and omega of career success.”	Graduate A8

Respondent labels identify stakeholder group and interview number.