Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants
|
Characteristics |
Total (n = 979) |
Male (n = 466) |
Female (n = 513) |
p value |
|
* Hepatitis, liver cirrhosis † COPD, pneumonia ‡ Comparison of men and women using a Mann–Whitney U test. § Comparison of men and women using a t-test. || Comparison of men and women using a chi-squared test. | ||||
|
Age, y ± SD |
73.0 ± 5.2 |
73.0 ± 5.2 |
73.0 ± 5.3 |
0.298‡ |
|
BMI, kg/m2 ± SD |
22.6 ± 3.0 |
23.0 ± 2.8 |
22.0 ± 3.1 |
< 0.001§ |
|
Disease |
||||
|
Cancer, N (%) |
142 (14.5) |
85 (18.3) |
57 (11.1) |
0.002|| |
|
Myocardial infarction, N (%) |
68 (7.0) |
43 (9.3) |
25 (4.9) |
0.007|| |
|
Stroke, N (%) |
27 (2.8) |
17 (3.7) |
10 (2.0) |
0.105|| |
|
Hypertension, N (%) |
405 (41.5) |
220 (47.3) |
185 (36.2) |
< 0.001|| |
|
Diabetes, N (%) |
122 (12.5) |
78 (16.8) |
44 (8.6) |
< 0.001|| |
|
Liver disease*, N (%) |
27 (2.8) |
18 (3.9) |
9 (1.8) |
0.044|| |
|
Lung disease†, N (%) |
55 (5.7) |
29 (6.3) |
26 (5.1) |
0.431|| |
|
Mental illness, N (%) |
14 (1.4) |
4 (0.9) |
10 (2.0) |
0.152|| |
|
Osteoporosis, N (%) |
104 (10.7) |
9 (1.9) |
95 (18.6) |
< 0.001|| |
|
Have concerns about teeth or mouth, N (%) |
464 (47.5) |
202 (43.5) |
262 (51.2) |
0.016|| |
|
Use interdental brushes and floss, N (%) |
693 (70.9) |
300 (64.5) |
393 (76.6) |
< 0.001|| |
|
Have received oral hygiene instruction, N (%) |
785 (80.4) |
361 (77.6) |
424 (83.0) |
0.036|| |