Figure 6.

Reduction State of Thylakoid Membranes and Energy Dissipation.

(A) Reduction of the primary receptor for photosystem 2 (Q_A), determined as the inverse of the photochemical quenching (1-qQ).

(B) Nonphotochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching (qNP).

(C) Violaxanthin (circles) and zeaxanthin (squares) expressed as a percentage of total carotenoids.

Plants were grown as described for Figure 1, leaf discs were harvested from the youngest fully expanded leaves and predarkened for at least 30 min, and chlorophyll fluorescence was determined in saturating light and CO₂. The results are means ±se, and each data point corresponds to five separate wild-type (WT) plants (closed symbols) or more than three separate transformants (open symbols).