Table 3.

Diagnostic efficacy of individual plasma biomarkers assessed by ROC curve analysis.

Diagnostic comparison setting	Plasma biomarker	AUC	95% CI	Cutoff (pg/mL)	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
Distinguishing Alzheimer’s disease from HC	p-Tau217	0.894	0.803–0.951	2.17	0.700	100.0
	p-Tau181	0.862	0.764–0.930	1.82	0.775	96.7
	NfL	0.832	0.728–0.909	83.21	0.800	77.5
	GFAP	0.769	0.655–0.861	49.53	67.5	85.0
	Aβ42/40	0.751	0.635–0.846	0.075	95.00	25.0
	Aβ1-40	0.699	0.579–0.803	130.2	60.0	85.00
	Aβ1-42	0.584	0.457–0.704	10.80	25.0	90.00
Distinguishing CSVD from HC	GFAP	0.881	0.786–0.943	36.39	95.0	70.0
	NfL	0.886	0.793–0.947	84.35	72.5	77.5
	p-Tau181	0.762	0.647–0.855	1.82	77.5	67.5
	p-Tau217	0.718	0.600–0.820	1.45	75.0	67.5
	Aβ1-40	0.526	0.399–0.650	130.8	32.5	85.0
	Aβ42/40	0.414	0.293–0.544	0.0718	22.5	92.5
	Aβ1-42	0.376	0.231–0.457	4.00	95.0	71.5
Distinguishing Alzheimer’s disease from CSVD	p-Tau217	0.877	0.781–0.941	3.07	52.5	85.0
	p-Tau181	0.782	0.671–0.871	3.24	52.5	77.5
	Aβ1-40	0.733	0.617–0.832	123.7	70.0	62.5
	NfL	0.619	0.493–0.735	174.5	45.0	87.5
	GFAP	0.614	0.451–0.698	163.81	64.0	70.0

AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CI, confidence interval; Cutoff, optimal cut-off value (maximized Youden’s index); Sen, sensitivity; Spe, specificity; Aβ, amyloid-β; p-Tau: phosphorylated tau protein; NfL, neurofilament light chain; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein.