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. 2026 Aug 27;15(8):585. doi: 10.21037/tcr-2026-1405

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Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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Construction of the prognostic model associated with PMNPs. (A) Univariate Cox regression analysis of the 19 PMNPs in PAAD from TCGA. (B) Cross validation for tuning parameter screening in the LASSO regression model using 19 PMNPs. (C) The coefficient profiles of the LASSO regression model. (D) Visualization of risk score distribution and survival status within the TCGA cohort. (E) Kaplan-Meier curves of patients with low and high PMNPs score in TCGA. (F) Time-dependent ROC curves of the signature for overall survival rates at 1 and 3 years in the TCGA cohort. AUC, area under the curve; CI, confidence interval; FPR, false positive rate; HR, hazard ratio; LASSO, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; MNPs, microplastics and nanoplastics; PAAD, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PMNPs, MNPs-related genes in PAAD; ROC, receiver operating characteristic; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; TPR, true positive rate.