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. 2026 Sep 4;18(17):2867. doi: 10.3390/cancers18172867
ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia
3D three-dimensional
GLS 3D left ventricle 3D global longitudinal strain
GCS 3D left ventricle 3D global circumferential strain
GRS 3D left ventricle 3D global radial strain
EFS event-free survival
OS overall survival
CTRCD cancer therapy related cardiac dysfunction
CCM chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy
2D-STE two-dimensional speckle-tracing echocardiography
3D-STE three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography
LVEF 3D left ventricle ejection fraction 3D
EDV 3D end diastolic volume 3D
ESV 3D end systolic volume 3D
ESVI 3D end systolic volume indexed 3D
min minimum
max maximum
WBC white blood cells
AIEOP BMF 2017 international collaborative treatment protocol for children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ALL IC-BMF 2009 Randomized Trial of the I-BFM-SG for the Management of Childhood non-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
M1/2/3 marrow, <5% blasts (M1); marrow ≥5 to <25% blasts (M2), marrow, ≥25% blasts (M3)
BSA body surface area
BMI body mass index