Figure 7.

ROS Production in Light- and PPIX-Treated Root Protoplasts.

Protoplasts from 28-d-old wild-type roots were treated with or without 20 μM PPIX or PPIX + NAC (10 μg/mL) for the indicated times in the dark or light and then double-stained with CM-H₂DCFDA (green) and CMXRos (red). Images were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy.

(A) and (B) Cells were cultured in the dark (A) and light (B). Note there were no detectable green signals in the dark treatment, whereas ROS accumulation was found after light treatment.

(C) and (D) Root cells were treated with PPIX or PPIX + NAC. Note dramatic ROS production was found in mitochondria after PPIX treatment (C) and completely depleted when NAC was added (D).