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. 2026 Aug 22;18(17):2725. doi: 10.3390/cancers18172725
AACR American Association for Cancer Research
ADCC antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
ADC antibody-drug conjugate
APC antigen-presenting cell
ASCO American Society of Clinical Oncology
ASTCT American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy
ATS American Thoracic Society
BsAb bispecific antibody
CAR chimeric antigen receptor
CD3 cluster of differentiation 3
CD137 4-1BB, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9
CDR complementarity-determining region
CI confidence interval
CEACAM5 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule5
CLDN6 claudin-6
CLDN18.2 claudin-18.2
CNS central nervous system
CRS cytokine release syndrome
DLL3 delta-like ligand3
DOR duration of response
EMT epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
ES-SCLC extensive-stage small cell lung cancer
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration
FOLR1 folate receptor alpha
GPC3 glypican-3
HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2)
HR hazard ratio
IHC immunohistochemistry
ICI immune checkpoint inhibitor
ICANS immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome
IgG immunoglobulin G
IV intravenous
LCNEC large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
LAG-3 lymphocyte-activation gene 3
MDSC myeloid-derived suppressor cell
MHC-I major histocompatibility complex class I
MUC1 mucin1
NCI National Cancer Institute
NCCN National Comprehensive Cancer Network
NEC neuroendocrine carcinoma
NICD Notch intracellular domain
NK natural killer (cell)
NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer
ORR objective response rate
OS overall survival
PD-1 programmed cell death protein1
PD-L1 programmed death-ligand1
PFS progression-free survival
PSMA prostate-specific membrane antigen
SCLC small cell lung cancer
TAA tumor-associated antigen
TCE T-cell engager
TCR T-cell receptor
TIM-3 T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3
TIL tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte
TME tumor microenvironment
TROP-2 trophoblast cell-surface antigen2
Treg regulatory T cell
VISTA V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation
BiTE bispecific T-cell engager
DART Dual-Affinity Re-Targeting antibody
ImmTAC Immune-mobilizing monoclonal T-cell receptor Against Cancer
TriTAC trispecific T-cell-activating construct
STEAP1 Six-Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of the Prostate 1
CTC circulating tumor cell
TKI tyrosine kinase inhibitor
EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
ALK anaplastic lymphoma kinase
ROS1 ROS proto-oncogene 1
KRAS Kirsten rat sarcoma viral proto-oncogene
ASCL1 achaete-scute homolog 1
YAP1 Yes-associated protein 1
TIGIT T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
mTOR mechanistic target of rapamycin
TGF-β transforming growth factor beta
IL-6 interleukin-6
IL-10 interleukin-10
CARTOX-10 CAR T-cell therapy-associated toxicity grading tool
ICE immune effector cell encephalopathy assessment tool
LCNEC-L large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung
epNEC extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma
2L+ second-line or later
RECIST Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
RMST restricted mean survival time