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. 2026 Aug 25;26(17):5362. doi: 10.3390/s26175362
TCN Temporal Convolutional Network
SNA Spatial Neighborhood Attention
CSTA Cross-Scale Trend Attention
MLP Multi-Layer Perceptron
SSM State-Space Model
VDI Ventilation Demand Index
T¯i Average temperature of the i-th spatial block
Vi Temperature variance of the i-th spatial block
GX,i Temperature gradient of the i-th spatial block in the row (X) direction
GY,i Temperature gradient of the i-th spatial block in the column (Y) direction
GZ,i Temperature gradient of the i-th spatial block in the layer (Z) direction
N Neighborhood Set consisting of the Target Location and Spatial Neighbors
Bc Target Location
Bk The k-th Spatial Neighbor
Xin the input sequence
Ti(t) the thermal state features of a spatial block
E(t) Meteorological information at time step t
Si(t) Spatial feature representation generated by the SNA module at time step t
HTCN Feature representation extracted by the Hierarchical TCN branch
HMamba Feature representation extracted by the Mamba branch
Hf Fused feature representation of the TCN and Mamba branches
Z Multi-scale trend embedding
gR Adaptive fusion weights for recent-term trends
gS Adaptive fusion weights for short-term trends
gL Adaptive fusion weights for long-term trends
HTrend Fused trend representation
q Heat flux density vector
k Thermal conductivity
∇T Three-dimensional temperature gradient
Pit Recommended ventilation-priority level
L Length of the historical input sequence
t Time index