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. 2026 Aug 16;18(8):e114589. doi: 10.7759/cureus.114589

Table 5. Summary of the various aspects of the interventions in the experimental groups of the preventive trials.

G: Group; H: Home; I: Individually; N: No; N/A: Not Available; Y: Yes.

First author, Year of publication   Quality of the trial Providing information Pelvic-stabilizing exercises Pelvic floor exercises Cardiovascular training Number of contacts with health care professional Individually, Group, or Home Supervised
Backhausen,  2017 [10] 7 Y N N Y 3 H N
Eggen, 2012 [6] 6 Y Y Y Y 18 G Y
Figueira, 2014 [13] 5 Y N N N 18 N/A Y
Garshasbi,  2005 [15] 8 N N N Y 36 I Y
Haakstad, 2015 [3] 7 N Y Y Y 30 G Y
Kashanian, 2009 [17] 6 N N N N 24 H N
Kihlstrand, 1999 [19] 7 N N N Y 18 G Y
Knudsen, 2024 [21] 8 N N N Y 45 G Y
Miquelutti, 2013 [25] 7 Y Y Y Y 11  I Y
Morkved, 2007 [5] 8 Y Y Y Y 12 G Y
Ostgaard 1, 1994 [28] 6 Y N N N 2 IH Y
Ostgaard 2, 1994 [28] 6 Y N N N 5 GH Y
Poděbradská, 2019 [30] 6 N N N N 1 H N
Sedaghati, 2007 [32] 4 N N N Y 24 N/A Y
Sklempe Kokic, 2017 [33] 6 N N Y Y 12 I Y
Stafne, 2012 [35] 8 Y Y Y Y 12 G Y