Table 2.
Tumor profile.
| Histological subtype | WHO grade | Studies numbers (n) | Cases numbers |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glioblastoma | Grade 4 | 18 | 833 |
| Gliosarcoma | Grade 4 | 3 | 9 |
| Anaplastic Astrocytoma | Grade 3 | 8 | 10 |
| Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma | Grade 3 | 4 | 34 |
| Anaplastic Ependymoma | Grade 3 | 2 | 7 |
| Others HGG | Grade 3 | 1 | 7 |
| Other intracranial tumors (Not-HGG) | – | 312 |
A total of 312 patients included in the broader radiological or clinical series presented with other intracranial lesions (such as meningiomas or lesions lacking definitive histopathological confirmation of high-grade glioma). While these cases account for the total sample volume of the selected literature (n = 1,212), they were excluded from the specific HGG clinical, histomolecular, and outcome analyses to ensure the oncological validity of the review.