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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Sep 17.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Protoc. 2025 Mar 21;20(8):2319–2344. doi: 10.1038/s41596-025-01141-z

Table 5 |.

Troubleshooting table for experimental procedures

Step Problem Possible reason Solution
1A(i) Failed timed pregnancy The female mouse is not in proestrus or estrus Setting up timed pregnancy for mice at estrous state can increase the likelihood of pregnancy
5 Low barcode induction efficiency in adults The editing efficiency in adults varies among individuals Prepare more induced adults and choose the ones with highest editing for DARLIN array analysis
8 The A260/280 ratio is low in RNA extraction The organic phase is not removed completely Do not pipette up the entire aqueous layer after phase separation
23 High-cluster density in sequencing The complexity of the DARLIN library is low Reduce the library loading concentration and add more PhiX
37 Poor sequencing read quality (reads PF <80% or Q30 <60%) Overloaded sequencing. Lower loading concentrations may be required for single-cell DARLIN sequencing due to the long cycle number on read 2 Reduce library loading concentration
23,37 DNA present in water-only control Cross-contamination of samples or contamination of one or more reagents with DARLIN DNA Clean bench and pipettes with 10% bleach and/or use designated ‘clean’ library-preparation workspace. Ensure extreme care is taken to avoid cross-contamination of samples and reagents