Table 2.
Comparison of PVH and DWMH grades between the PFO group and control group.
| Variables | PFO group (n = 120) | Control group (n = 121) | Z/χ2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PVH [n (%)] | 35.740 | <0.001 | ||
| Grade 0 | 26 (21.7%) | 63 (52.1%) | ||
| Grade 1 | 61 (50.8%) | 52 (42.9%) | ||
| Grade 2 | 25 (20.8%) | 6 (5.0%) | ||
| Grade 3 | 8 (6.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| DWMH [n (%)] | 101.424 | <0.001 | ||
| Grade 0 | 16 (13.3%) | 87 (71.9%) | ||
| Grade 1 | 50 (41.7%) | 32 (26.4%) | ||
| Grade 2 | 28 (23.3%) | 2 (1.7%) | ||
| Grade 3 | 26 (21.7%) | 0 (0.0%) |
PVH, periventricular hyperintensity; DWMH, deep white matter hyperintensity; WMH, white matter hyperintensity.
Data are presented as n (%). The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical variables between the two groups. Grade 0 indicates no WMH; Grade 3 indicates severe WMH. Control group: Individuals without PFO, matched for age and sex from the same clinical population.