Table 3.
Comparison of behavioral intention scores across participant characteristics (n = 533).
| Variable | Behavioral intention (BI), mean (SD) 6.34 ± 2.46 |
Behavioral intention (BI), median (IQR) 6 (5–8) |
Test statistic, p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 1.492 (p = 0.828)£ | ||
| 18–20 | 6.42 (2.53) | 7 (4–8) | |
| 21–30 | 6.17 (2.52) | 6 (4–8) | |
| 31–40 | 6.48 (2.42) | 6 (5–8) | |
| 41–50 | 6.50 (2.31) | 6 (6–8) | |
| >50 | 6.52 (2.36) | 7 (5–8) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 6.52 (2.30) | 6.5 (5–8) | −0.673 (p = 0.501)$ |
| Female | 6.29 (2.50) | 6 (4–8) | |
| Educational level | 1.796 (p = 0.616)£ | ||
| Secondary school or below | 6.14 (2.53) | 6 (4–8) | |
| Diploma | 6.00 (2.74) | 6 (4–8) | |
| Bachelor’s degree | 6.39 (2.44) | 7 (5–8) | |
| Postgraduate studies | 6.82 (2.00) | 6 (6–8) | |
| Are you currently experiencing psychological symptoms (such as anxiety, depression, stress, or others)? | −2.763 (p = 0.006)$ | ||
| Yes | 6.75 (2.32) | 7 (5–8) | |
| No | 6.11 (2.50) | 6 (6–8) | |
| Have you ever been diagnosed with a mental disorder by a specialist? | −0.194 (p = 0.846)$ | ||
| Yes | 6.37 (2.64) | 6.5 (4.75–8) | |
| No | 6.33 (2.44) | 6 (5–8) | |
| Have you ever received psychological treatment from a specialist (pharmacological or behavioral)? | 1.006 (p = 0.605)£ | ||
| Yes, I am currently receiving treatment | 6.29 (2.37) | 6 (5–8.5) | |
| Yes, I received treatment in the past only | 6.72 (2.43) | 7 (5.25–8) | |
| No, I have never received psychological treatment | 6.31 (2.47) | 6 (4–8) | |
| During the past 12 months, have you felt that you needed psychological consultation or mental health support? | −5.311 (p < 0.001)$ | ||
| Yes | 6.87 (2.36) | 7 (6–8) | |
| No | 5.77 (2.44) | 6 (4–8) | |
| Have you ever used chatbots for psychological purposes (such as emotional support or seeking mental health information)? | −5.619 (p < 0.001)$ | ||
| Yes | 7.00 (2.30) | 8 (6–9) | |
| No | 5.82 (2.45) | 6 (4–8) | |
| Perceived usefulness (PU) | −10.808 (p < 0.001)$ | ||
| Low<8 | 4.67 (2.38) | 4 (2–6.5) | |
| High≥8 | 7.20 (2.02) | 8 (6–8.75) | |
| Perceived ease of use (PEOU) | −10.380 (p < 0.001)$ | ||
| Low<8 | 3.76 (2.16) | 3 (2–5) | |
| High≥8 | 6.88 (2.16) | 7 (6–8) | |
| Social influence (SI) | −10.069 (p < 0.001)$ | ||
| Low≤5 | 5.22 (2.45) | 5 (3–7) | |
| High>5 | 7.38 (1.96) | 8 (6–9) | |
| Perceived self-efficacy (PSE) | −8.920 (p < 0.001)$ | ||
| Low≤5 | 4.67 (2.40) | 4 (2–6) | |
| High>5 | 6.91 (2.21) | 7 (6–8) | |
| Perceived barriers (PB) | −0.106 (p = 0.916)$ | ||
| Low<10 | 6.37 (2.40) | 7 (4–8) | |
| High≥10 | 6.30 (2.54) | 6 (5–8) |
*Test of significance; $: Mann Whitney, £: Kruskal–Wallis tests.